Learn how talk about causes and consequences of past actions
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| Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 5 - Nothing to Regret |
| INTRODUCTION |
| Michael: Hi everyone, and welcome back to CzechClass101.com This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 5 - Nothing to Regret. Michael, here. |
| Veronika: Ahoj, I'm Veronika. |
| Michael: In this lesson, you'll learn about causes and consequences of past actions. The conversation takes place at home. |
| Veronika: It's between Jitka Jerabkova and Jozefina Jerabkova. |
| Michael: The speakers are family members, therefore, they will speak informal Czech. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Sestřičko, dlouho jsme spolu nemluvily. Jaký byl výlet do Velký Británie? A jak se ti líbil Londýn? |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Všechno bylo suprový! V Londýně jsem potkala skvělý lidi - například Jacka. Kdybych studovala medicínu, neměla bych na cestování čas. |
| Jitka Jeřábková: To máš pravdu. Když jsem já studovala na doktorku, tak jsem neměla žádnej život. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Ale teď jsi spokojená, ne? Být doktorkou se ti líbí? |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Jo, ráda pomáhám pacientům. Ale je to náročný povolání. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Já jsem ráda, že jsem šla studovat mezinárodní vztahy. Taky to není jednoduchý, ale mám čas i na svoje koníčky. |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Obojí má svý výhody i nevýhody. Třeba já se na škole neučila jazyky. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: To není pravda! Znáš latinsky všechny kosti v lidským těle! A mluvíš česky. |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Hahaha, obojí je na nic. Ale čeština mi stačí, protože jezdím jen po Český republice. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Výhoda je, že se na dovolený všude domluvíš. |
| Michael : Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Sestřičko, dlouho jsme spolu nemluvily. Jaký byl výlet do Velký Británie? A jak se ti líbil Londýn? |
| Jitka Jerabkova: Little sister, we haven't talked for a long time. How was your trip to Great Britain? How did you like London? |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Všechno bylo to suprový! V Londýně jsem potkala skvělý lidi - například Jacka. Kdybych studovala medicínu, neměla bych na cestování čas. |
| Jozefina Jerabkova: Everything was cool! In London I met great people - for example Jack. If I studied medicine, I would not have the time for traveling. |
| Jitka Jeřábková: To máš pravdu. Když jsem já studovala na doktorku, tak jsem neměla žádnej život. |
| Jitka Jerabkova: You are right! When I studied to become a doctor, I had no life. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Ale teď jsi spokojená, ne? Být doktorkou se ti líbí? |
| Jozefina Jerabkova: But now you are satisfied, right? You like being a doctor? |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Jo, ráda pomáhám pacientům. Ale je to náročný povolání. |
| Jitka Jerabkova: Yep, I like helping patients. But it's a challenging job. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Já jsem ráda, že jsem šla studovat mezinárodní vztahy. Taky to není jednoduchý, ale mám čas i na svoje koníčky. |
| Jozefina Jerabkova: I'm glad I went to study international relations. Also, it's not easy but I have time for my hobbies. |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Obojí má svý výhody i nevýhody. Třeba já se na škole neučila jazyky. |
| Jitka Jerabkova: Both have their advantages and disadvantages. For example, I did not study languages in school. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: To není pravda! Znáš latinsky všechny kosti v lidským těle! A mluvíš česky. |
| Jozefina Jerabkova: It's not true! You know all the bones in the human body in Latin. And you speak Czech. |
| Jitka Jeřábková: Hahaha, obojí je na nic. Ale čeština mi stačí, protože jezdím jen po Český republice. |
| Jitka Jerabkova: Hahaha, both are for nothing. But Czech is enough for me because I only travel in the Czech Republic. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Výhoda je, že se na dovolený všude domluvíš. |
| Jozefina Jerabkova: The advantage is that on holidays you can speak the language everywhere. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Michael: Do many Czech people speak a second language? |
| Veronika: During the Communist era, there was only one language people could study. |
| Michael: That would be Russian, right? |
| Veronika: That's right. Although there's been some progression in learning languages since then, most Czechs can't speak well in other languages. |
| Michael: That's understandable. Do you know how many people can speak English? |
| Veronika: About half, but 25% only have a basic knowledge. |
| Michael: Are the stats better with younger generations? |
| Veronika: They are! The new generation of language students have more access to foreign languages. |
| Michael: They also travel more and I'm sure that Czech society is more diverse than it used to be, too. |
| Veronika: It is! |
| Michael: English is compulsory for all young Czechs, but what other languages are learned? |
| Veronika: German and Russian are popular. You can also find French and Spanish. |
| Michael: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Michael: Let's take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Veronika: výlet [natural native speed] |
| Michael: trip |
| Veronika: výlet[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: výlet [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: suprový [natural native speed] |
| Michael: cool, awesome |
| Veronika: suprový[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: suprový [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: cestování [natural native speed] |
| Michael: traveling |
| Veronika: cestování[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: cestování [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: spokojený [natural native speed] |
| Michael: satisfied, content |
| Veronika: spokojený[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: spokojený [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: povolání [natural native speed] |
| Michael: profession |
| Veronika: povolání[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: povolání [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: koníček [natural native speed] |
| Michael: hobby |
| Veronika: koníček[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: koníček [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: výhoda [natural native speed] |
| Michael: advantage |
| Veronika: výhoda[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: výhoda [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: nevýhoda [natural native speed] |
| Michael: disadvantage |
| Veronika: nevýhoda[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: nevýhoda [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: dovolená [natural native speed] |
| Michael: holiday, vacation |
| Veronika: dovolená[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: dovolená [natural native speed] |
| Michael: And last.. |
| Veronika: pravda [natural native speed] |
| Michael: truth, fact, reality |
| Veronika: pravda[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: pravda [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Michael: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Veronika: To máš pravdu! |
| Michael: meaning "You're right!" |
| Michael: The subject of this sentence, "you," is not expressed in the Czech. Instead the neutral pronoun is used. |
| Veronika: This is to. |
| Michael: It doesn't have any particular meaning. You can use this sentence to agree with someone. You can use it without the neutral pronoun, too. |
| Veronika: Máš pravdu. |
| Michael: This still means "you are right." Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Veronika: Sure. For example, you can say.. To máš pravdu, plně s tebou souhlasím! |
| Michael: ..which means "You're right, I fully agree with you!" |
| Michael: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Veronika: To je pravda! |
| Michael: meaning "It's true!" |
| Michael: The subject of this sentence is the neutral pronoun we just heard: |
| Veronika: to |
| Michael: In this sentence, it refers to something that was mentioned before. You can also use this sentence to agree with something. Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Veronika: Sure. For example, you can say.. To je pravda, protože je to založené na faktech. |
| Michael: .. which means "This is true because it is based on facts." |
| Michael: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Michael: In this lesson, you'll learn about the causes and consequences of past actions. |
| Michael: First, we will look at the conditional mood. How do we say "conditional mood" in Czech? |
| Veronika: Either kondicionál or podmiňovací způsob. |
| Michael: This is used to express wish or desires in a hypothetical manner. Most of the time it is translated into English as "would" and commonly used with "if." The Czech equivalent to the compound "if" is the conjunction: |
| Veronika: kdyby |
| Michael: To make a sentence, this is then followed by a past participle. For example: |
| Veronika: Kdyby se učil víc, zkoušku by udělal. |
| Michael: "If he studied more, he would pass the exam." This conjunction is conjugated in the same manner as a normal verb. There is a conjunction table in the lesson notes. Let's hear some example sentences. |
| Veronika: Kdybychom chtěli, mohli bychom víc cestovat. |
| Michael: "If we wanted, we could travel more." |
| Veronika: Kdybyste měli peníze, koupili byste si nové auto? |
| Michael: "If you had money, would you buy a new car?" Next, we will look at some pronouns. The English word "both" can be translated differently depending on the meaning. If the choice is between two things of the same kind or gender, the following pronouns are used. |
| Veronika: oba/obě |
| Michael: The former is for masculine words, the latter for feminine or neutral. Let's hear some examples. |
| Veronika: Mám dva bratry. Oba pracují v rodinné firmě. |
| Michael: "I have two brothers. They both work in the family firm." |
| Veronika: Ve třídě jsou pouze dvě holky. Obě nosí brýle. |
| Michael: "There are only two girls in the class. They both wear glasses." Both of these words can stand independently or be followed by a noun. When speaking about things that have different genders in Czech, we use: |
| Veronika: obojí. This cannot be followed by a noun. For example: Co chceš k pití? Čaj nebo kávu? Dám si obojí! |
| Michael: "What do you want to drink? Tea or coffee? I'll have both." A different word is used in the case of the plurale tantum nouns. These are words that only appear in the plural form and don't have a singular form. This word is: |
| Veronika: oboje. For example: Oboje šaty jsou drahé. |
| Michael: "Both dresses are expensive." We can also use this Czech pronoun: |
| Veronika: všechno |
| Michael: This is neuter, and means "everything" or "all." There is an inflection table for this pronoun in the lesson notes. Let's hear some examples: |
| Veronika: Jsi moje všechno! |
| Michael: "You are my everything." |
| Veronika: Bez všeho se obejdeme. |
| Michael: "We can do without everything." Finally, we will look at the names of countries and their languages in Czech. If the name of a country only has one word, then it begins with a capital letter. |
| Veronika: But, if the name has two or more words, only the first has a capital. |
| Michael: Let's hear some examples: |
| Veronika: Česká republika. |
| Michael: "The Czech Republic." Only the first word is capitalized. |
| Veronika: Česko |
| Michael: "Czechia." This is capitalized. If the name of a country has a name of another country included, these are also in capital letters. |
| Veronika: Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska |
| Michael: "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland." In this case, United, Great Britain, and Northern Ireland are all capitalised. There are several endings that express "state" or "county." The most common ones are: |
| Veronika: -ko and -ie. For example, Polsko, Rakousko a Nizozemsko. |
| Michael: "Poland, Austria, and the Netherlands." Names of languages are commonly formed from a masculine form of the nationality and then adding a suffix: |
| Veronika: -tina with a preceding letter š or č. For example, čeština |
| Michael: "Czech." The names of languages are always feminine nouns and unlike English, they always begin with a small letter. |
| Veronika: Ta čestina je zábavná! |
| Michael: "Czech is fun!" To say what language someone uses, we use an adverb that is created by adding a suffix to the noun stem. |
| Veronika: This suffix is -ky. For example: Mluvíš česky? |
| Michael: "Do you speak Czech?" |
| Veronika: Mluvím anglicky a francouzsky. |
| Michael: "I speak English and French." |
Outro |
| Michael: Okay, that's all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we'll see you next time! Bye! |
| Veronika: Na shledanou! |
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