Learn how to follow a doctor's advice and use the imperative form
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to CzechClass101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 20 - Visiting a Czech Doctor. Becky Here. |
| Martin: Ahoj! I'm Martin. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn about following a doctor's advice, the modal verb “to have,” and the imperative form. The conversation takes place at a doctor's office. |
| Martin: It's between Matěj and a doctor. |
| Becky: The speakers are strangers, therefore, they will speak formal Czech. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Matěj: Paní doktorko, je mi hrozně nevolno a bolí mě hlava. |
| Doktorka: To je asi úžeh. Máte vysokou teplotu. |
| Matěj: Pracoval jsem dlouho na zahradě a zapomněl klobouk. |
| Doktorka: Ano, bez klobouku byste neměl chodit ven. |
| Matěj: A co mi teď doporučujete? |
| Doktorka: Teď byste si měl dát studenou sprchu, aby klesla ta teplota. A pijte hodně tekutin. |
| Doktorka: A nechoďte na sluníčko. Rozhodně zůstaňte ve stínu. |
| Matěj: Rozumím. |
| Doktorka: A buďte opatrný na cestě zpět! Raději si vemte taxi. |
| Matěj: Ano, pojedu taxikem. Děkuju. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Matěj: Paní doktorko, je mi hrozně nevolno a bolí mě hlava. |
| Doktorka: To je asi úžeh. Máte vysokou teplotu. |
| Matěj: Pracoval jsem dlouho na zahradě a zapomněl klobouk. |
| Doktorka: Ano, bez klobouku byste neměl chodit ven. |
| Matěj: A co mi teď doporučujete? |
| Doktorka: Teď byste si měl dát studenou sprchu, aby klesla ta teplota. A pijte hodně tekutin. |
| Doktorka: A nechoďte na sluníčko. Rozhodně zůstaňte ve stínu. |
| Matěj: Rozumím. |
| Doktorka: A buďte opatrný na cestě zpět! Raději si vemte taxi. |
| Matěj: Ano, pojedu taxikem. Děkuju. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Matěj: Doctor, I feel very sick and I have a headache. |
| Doctor: It's probably heatstroke. You have a high temperature. |
| Matěj: I worked in the garden for a long time and forgot a hat. |
| Doctor: Yes, you shouldn't go out without a hat. |
| Matěj: What do you recommend for me now? |
| Doctor: Now you should take a cold shower for the temperature to drop down. And drink plenty of liquids. |
| Doctor: And don't go out in the sun. Definitely stay in the shade. |
| Matěj: I understand. |
| Doctor: And be careful on the way back! Better take a taxi. |
| Matěj: Yes, I'll take a taxi. Thank you. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Oh, a trip to the doctor’s this time! I hope he’ll be okay. |
| Martin: I’m sure Matěj will be fine. It was just heatstroke. The medical services in the Czech Republic are very good. |
| Becky: Can you tell us a little about healthcare there? |
| Martin: Sure. There are two types of hospitals: private and state hospitals. |
| Becky: What are the state hospitals like? |
| Martin: They have a very good reputation. There isn’t much difference in the level of care between state and private hospitals. |
| Becky: But of course, private hospitals charge. |
| Martin: Yeah, state hospitals can’t make a profit, and any money they get is solely for the care of patients. |
| Becky: Are state hospitals secure or are they at risk of privatization? |
| Martin: Privatization is an ongoing process that started in 1989 with the Velvet Revolution. |
| Becky: Will they all be privatized? |
| Martin: No, but if hospitals are in financial difficulty, it will be offered. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Martin: nevolnost [natural native speed] |
| Becky: sickness |
| Martin: nevolnost[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: nevolnost [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: úžeh [natural native speed] |
| Becky: heatstroke |
| Martin: úžeh[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: úžeh [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: mít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to have |
| Martin: mít[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: mít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: dát si [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to take, to have |
| Martin: dát si[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: dát si [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: hodně [natural native speed] |
| Becky: a lot, plenty |
| Martin: hodně[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: hodně [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: pít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: drink |
| Martin: pít[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: pít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: zůstat [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to remain, to stay |
| Martin: zůstat[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: zůstat [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Martin: být [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to be |
| Martin: být[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: být [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: opatrný [natural native speed] |
| Becky: careful |
| Martin: opatrný[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: opatrný [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Martin: vzít si [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to take, to have (something) |
| Martin: vzít si[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: vzít si [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Martin: neměl byste... |
| Becky: meaning "You shouldn't…." What can you tell us about this construction? |
| Martin: Neměl is the negative form of měl, which means "should." Byste is the conditional form of být, meaning "to be." |
| Becky: This can be used to advise against doing something or to correct behavior. |
| Martin: The conditional form byste changes to bys in informal speech. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Martin: Sure. For example, you can say, Neměl byste se přepínat. |
| Becky: ...which means "You shouldn't get overstretched. " |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Martin: hodně pijte |
| Becky: meaning "drink a lot." What can you tell us about this phrase? |
| Martin: Hodně means “plenty” or “a lot.” Pijte is the imperative form of pít, which means "to drink" in formal speech. |
| Becky: How is this used? |
| Martin: This expression is used commonly when giving advice or instructions by a doctor, or by a friend |
| Becky: Can we change the verb “to drink” with other verbs to give other pieces of advice? |
| Martin: Yes, you can. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using the word “a lot?” |
| Martin: Sure. For example, you can say, Teď hodně spi. |
| Becky: ...which means "Now sleep a lot. " |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Martin: buďte opatrný! |
| Becky: meaning "Be careful!" |
| Martin: Buďte is the imperative form of být "to be." Opatrný means "careful." |
| Becky: What can you tell us about this? |
| Martin: As an imperative form, buďte can be combined with other adjectives besides opatrný. |
| Becky: So we can use it to say something like “be good?” |
| Martin: Yes, that would be buď hodný! |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Martin: Sure. For example, you can say, Buďte tady hodní! |
| Becky: ...which means "Be good here!" Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about following doctor's advice, the modal verb “to have” and the imperative form. What is “to have” in Czech? |
| Martin: It is mit. To give advice in Czech, we can use it with the conditional form of bys, which means “should,” to create the modal meaning měl bys. |
| Becky: Which means “you should.” How do we say “I should?” |
| Martin: Měl bych. |
| Becky: Let’s hear an example. How about “We should eat healthier?” |
| Martin: Měli bysme jíst zdravěji. |
| Becky: Or “you should exercise?” |
| Martin: Měli byste cvičit. |
| Becky: Thanks Martin. There are more examples in the lesson notes, so check them out. Now, let’s move onto the imperative form. We use this form to give orders, commands, or instructions. |
| Martin: In written language, we sometimes use an exclamation mark too. In Czech, we can use both perfective and imperfective verbs. |
| Becky: Are there any differences in using these two types of verbs? |
| Martin: What we use depends on whether we’re talking about a complete or incomplete activity. |
| Becky: Let’s hear some examples. How about “hurry up!” |
| Martin: We can say either Dělej! or Pospěš si! |
| Becky: And “have fun!” |
| Martin: Užij si to! We divide imperatives into regular and irregular. |
| Becky: What’s the difference? |
| Martin: For regular imperatives, you need to use the third person plural in present tense, and leave out the endings ,-ou, -ají, and -í, from the verbs. |
| Becky: And for irregular? |
| Martin: Unfortunately, there are no rules. You just have to memorize them because they’re all different. There is a table in the lesson notes. For example, the verb pomoc... |
| Becky: which means “to help” |
| Martin: ...becomes pomoz or pomozte in imperative form. |
| Becky: Yeah, that doesn’t fit any of the rules! |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Martin: Čau. |
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